【英语介词知识点归纳】在英语学习中，介词是一个非常重要的语法部分。它虽然不具有独立的词义，但在句子中起到连接名词、代词或动名词的作用，表达时间、地点、方向、方式等关系。掌握好介词的用法，有助于提高英语表达的准确性和流畅性。
以下是对英语介词的常见分类及用法进行的归纳总结，便于学习者系统理解和记忆。
一、介词的基本功能
1. 表示时间：如 at, in, on, during, by 等
2. 表示地点：如 at, in, on, by, near, under, over 等
3. 表示方式：如 by, with, through 等
4. 表示原因：如 because of, due to, owing to 等
5. 表示目的：如 for, to 等
6. 表示所属：如 of, from, to 等
7. 表示比较：如 than, as 等
二、常见介词及其用法举例
| 介词 | 常见用法 | 例句 |
| at | 表示具体时间点或小地点 | I will meet you at the school gate. |
| in | 表示时间段、月份、年份、季节或大地方 | She was born in 2000. He lives in Beijing. |
| on | 表示某一天或具体的日期 | We have a meeting on Monday. The book is on the table. |
| by | 表示截止时间、方式或通过某种手段 | The work must be finished by Friday. She went by train. |
| with | 表示伴随、工具或带有某种特征 | She went to the park with her friend. He wrote the letter with a pen. |
| without | 表示没有 | He left without saying goodbye. |
| about | 表示关于、大约 | I'm thinking about the trip. The meeting is about 3 o'clock. |
| after | 表示在……之后 | She arrived after the party started. |
| before | 表示在……之前 | Please finish your homework before dinner. |
| between | 表示两者之间 | The house is between two trees. |
| among | 表示三者或以上之中 | He is the best among his classmates. |
| under | 表示在……下面 | The cat is under the bed. |
| over | 表示在……之上或超过 | There is a bird over the tree. The price is over $100. |
| above | 表示在……上方（不接触） | The plane flew above the clouds. |
| below | 表示在……下方 | The fish is below the surface. |
| near | 表示靠近 | The shop is near my home. |
| next to | 表示紧挨着 | The library is next to the post office. |
| by | 表示“被”或“通过” | The car was hit by a bus. He learned English by himself. |
| for | 表示目的、持续时间或对象 | This gift is for you. I studied for two hours. |
| since | 表示自从……以来（常用于现在完成时） | I have lived here since 2018. |
| ago | 表示……以前（用于过去时） | He left three days ago. |
| until | 表示直到……为止 | I waited until 9 p.m. |
| from | 表示从……开始 | He came from Shanghai. |
| to | 表示到…… | She went to the market. |
三、常见介词短语总结
| 介词短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
| at home | 在家 | She is at home now. |
| in the morning | 在早上 | I usually get up in the morning. |
| on the phone | 在打电话 | He is on the phone. |
| by mistake | 错误地 | I sent it by mistake. |
| with pleasure | 非常乐意 | I will help you with pleasure. |
| in a hurry | 匆忙 | She left in a hurry. |
| out of | 出于…… | He is out of money. |
| in front of | 在……前面 | The car is in front of the house. |
| behind | 在……后面 | The cat is behind the door. |
| on top of | 在……之上 | He is on top of the mountain. |
四、注意事项
1. 介词不能单独作谓语，必须与名词或代词搭配使用。
2. 有些动词后必须接特定介词，如：look at, listen to, think of 等。
3. 一些介词可以与其他词构成固定搭配，如：agree with, depend on, look forward to 等。
4. 注意介词与副词的区别，如：in 和 into，on 和 onto 等。
通过以上对英语介词的分类和用法的整理，可以帮助学习者更清晰地理解介词的功能，并在实际运用中减少错误。建议结合大量阅读和写作练习来巩固介词的使用技巧。
